这些雅思写作语法误区需警惕
雅思2016-03-21 15:58:10来源 : 点击:

 雅思语法使用误区一、such asfor example的混用

 

  我们知道,在表示举例子的时候,such aslike是完全等同的,如:Wild flowers such as/like orchids and primroses are becoming rare

  但是同学们对于Such asfor example 的把握还是不够准确。我们都知道,后者接句子前者接词语表示举例子。于是就有了下面的写法:

  There is a similar word in many languagessuch as in French and Italian

  这里的such as改为for example为好,因为“in French and Italian”其实是“there is a similar word in French and Italian”的简化,所以要用for example来引出例证。再来看几个类似的例子:

  It is possible to combine computer science with other subjectsfor example physics

  雅思语法使用误区二、assume claim 使用不够准确

  我们知道,thinkassumeclaim是议论文中常用引出观点的动词。在实际作文中,同学们往往认为几个词的意思是一样的,完全可以代换,所以拿过来就用。甚至还有同学把consider也拿过来与之混用。我们首先还是从定义来看这几个词的不同:

  Thinkto have opinion or belief about sth

  翻译为“认为”,通常接宾语从句来表达比较确定的观点。

  Assumeto think or accept that sth is true but without having proof of it

  翻译为“假设、假定”,是否有事实依据是不确定的。

  Claimto say sth is true although it has not been proved and other people may not believe it

  翻译为“声称”,用这个词往往意味着不赞同紧跟其后的观点,所以很少用作‘I claim that

  Scientist are claiming a breakthrough in the fight against cancerbut in fact…。

  所以‘It is claimed that’通常翻译为“有报道称。。。”。和‘it is reported that ’的区别在于后者翻译为“据报道”,往往代表着作者赞同报告的内容,

  Considerto think about sth carefullyespecially in order to make a decision

  翻译为“考虑”,一般不用作引出观点,看个例子:

  We are considering buying a new car

  所以,千万不要在雅思大作文的第一段(观点表达段)就因为用词把握不准而导致对整篇文章的低分印象。

  雅思语法使用误区三、介词使用错误

  1、普通介词的误用

  一般表现为固定搭配错误,如常把provide sb with sth用成provide sb sth; be satisfied with用成be satisfied for等等,虽然这样的错误看似无伤大雅,但在考官眼里就是影响顺畅阅读的,当然会影响最终成绩。解决的办法简单而古老:把常见的固定搭配牢记于心,问题自然就解决了。

  2to”作为介词的误用

  to”最常见的用法是以动词不定式符号的形式出现的,所以同学们也已经习惯了“to do”的固定搭配。对于一些如walk to meto the left等介词to表方向等常见用法一般也不会出现错误。但是对于与动词搭配的介词to就会经常犯错:

  如:

  More and more students have taken to depend on their parents to make decision for them

  这里的‘take tomeans to begin to do sth as a habit’其中‘to’为介词,所以后面只能接名词或相当于名词的词,如动名词。所以句中depend on 应改为“depending on”。“take to”的另一个常用用法也需要牢记:

  He hasnt taken to his new school. (这里‘take tomeans to start liking sb or sth)

  Prefer A to B中的“to”也是介词,会有prefer doing sth to doing sth/ prefer sth to sth else,另外,“prefer to do sth rather than do sth”中的“to”可是真正的不定式符号。

  类似的常用用法请同学们牢记:

  Be used to doing

  Adapt to doing

  Adjust to doing

  prefer doing sth. to doing sth

  Be accustomed to doing

  See to doing

  等等,请注意平时仔细积累。

  雅思语法使用误区四、表“建议”的词汇后面忘记用虚拟从句

  这是摘自学生雅思作文中的一个病句:

  I suggest he continues his study instead of working after graduation from high school

  因为‘suggest’翻译为“建议”,所以后面的从句应该用虚拟语气,句中“continues”部分应该改为“(should) continue”。

  在此,小编提醒您,一定要牢记以下常见表“建议”的词汇,而且要记住这些词接从句时要用虚拟语气:

  Recommendsuggestadvise

  雅思语法使用误区五、comparecontrast的误用

  我们先从两者的定义入手来看两者的区别。Compare的定义为:to examine people or things to see how they are similar or different. Contrast的定义为:to compare two or more things to show the difference between them。由定义不难看出前者侧重于找到两个或多个事物的异同,而后者则侧重于它们的不同。

  看个例句:

  It is interesting to compare their situations to ours./It is interesting to contrast their situations to ours

  前一句翻译为:对比一下我们的情况与他们的情况会很有趣。

  后一句的翻译为:我们的情况与他们的情况有很大的不同,这很有趣。

  再看一个引自OXFORD ADBANCED LEARNERS DICTIONARY的例子:

  There is an obvious contrast between the culture of East and West

  The company lost $7 million in contrast to a profit of $6.2 million a year earlier

  When you look at their new systemours seems very old-fashioned by contrast

  不难发现,Compare翻译为“与。。。相比”而contrast可译为“明显不同的是。。。”,切记这种翻译方式就不会用错彼此了。


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