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2019年1-4月口语话题P1P2P3题卡完整版PDF！
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很多小烤鸭问过兔兔，如何准备大作文写作？在过往的经验分享里，想必大家或多或少有了答案。今天兔兔想介绍的方法是背景阅读＋题型分析＋必备词汇＋经典范文，有足够备考时间的同学可以参考下这个方法。

背景阅读

Threatened Polar Bears

 

The Interior Department proposed to designate polar bears as a threatened species, saying that the accelerating loss of Arctic ice that is the bears' hunting platform has led biologists to believe that bear populations will decline, perhaps sharply, in the coming decades.

Many experts on the Arctic say that global warming is causing the ice to melt and that the warming is at least partly the result of the atmospheric buildup of heat-trapping gases from tailpipes（排气管） and smokestacks（主烟囱，指代重工业）. The plight of the polar bear has been held up by environmentalists as a symbol of global warming caused by humans.

Polar bears are dependent on sea ice as a platform for hunting seals, and as a pathway to coastal areas. The ice shrinkage has meant that polar bear, which are strong swimmers, have had to cover longer distances between ice and land.

They have survived pervious Arctic warming periods, including the last warm stretch between ice ages some 130,000 years ago, but some climate experts predict that nothing in the species' history is likely to match the pace and extent of warming and ice retreats projected in this century and beyond, should emissions of heat-trapping gases continue unabated.

The latest assessment of the species for the International Conservation Union, by a group of experts including Fish and Wildlife Service biologists, did include such activity in a list of threats, including oil and gas activity, toxic contaminants, shipping adn recreational viewing.

在备考话题作文时，我们可以有选择地去精读相关话题背景材料。你需要解决的任务：

1. 亮眼的表达。单词、词组、句型……

2. 作者观点。阅读环保类背景材料时，我们可以思考作者的切入点，为自己实际操作时提供更多思路。

3. 内化为自己的例证。考生在写作大作文时，时事热点也可以成为不错的加分项。

题型分析

 

题型辨别：

Waste disposal presents increasing problems, especially in urban areas. How true do you think? Please explain how the government and individuals should do to reduce the amount of rubbish.

问题解决型作文（Problem Solution）

题干特征：Waste disposal presents increasing problems.(提出一个问题)

题眼特征：How the government and individuals should do to reduce the amount of rubbish?(解决该问题的方法)

文章结构：

所谓问题解决型作文是指题目要求考生就社会上存在的某个问题提出解决方案。其特征是首先说明某种情况，然后提出问题，接着分析问题，最后解决问题并作出结论。应对此类题型，通常按照如下四个步骤展开：

1.阐述目前存在的问题

2.分析问题产生的原因及危害

3.给出解决方法

4.结论

注意：

问题解决型作文应该先把问题产生的原因和危害分析透彻，这样文章才有说服力，所提出的解决方法才有价值，因此应至少分析亮点原因和危害。

必备词汇

 

desertification n.(土壤)荒漠化，沙漠化

fuel-efficient adj. 节省燃料的，高效能的

solid waste 固体废物，固体垃圾

energy crisis 能源危机

non-renewable resources 不可再生资源

environmental authorities 环保部门

environmental degradation/ deterioration环境恶化

environmental-friendly products 环保产品

environmentalist n. 环境保护论者，环境论者，环境论信奉者

arouse/ raise people's environmental consciousness 提高人们的环保意识

pose threat to the environment 给环境造成威胁

create damage to local environment 给环境造成威胁

be environmentally aware 具有环境意识

protect the environment 保护环境

global warming 全球变暖

greenhouse gas emission 温室气体排放

carbon dioxide 二氧化碳

disperse exhaust 排放气体

air quality improvement 改善空气质量

acid rain 酸雨

destruction of the rainforest 毁坏雨林

radiation n.发射，发光，发热，辐射，发射；发射线，发射线

water contamination 水污染

soil erosion 水土流失；土壤侵蚀

renewable energy 可再生能源

biodegradable materials 生物降解材料

conserve energy 保护能源

recycling n. 回收

environmental concern 对环境的关注度

environmental issues 环境问题

environmental organizations 环保组织

tackle/ remedy environmental problems 处理/ 解决环境问题

green consumer 环保消费者

release/ discharge pollutants into the environment 向环境排放污染物

environmental impact/ consequence 环境影响/后果

ecology n. 生态学；（社会）环境适应学；均衡系统

restore environmental damage 修复环境污染

natural gas 天然气

car exhaust/ emission 汽车尾气

combat air pollution 与空气污染作斗争

(toxic) waste （有毒）废气

greenhouse effect 温室效应

climate change 气候变化

reduction in air quality 空气质量下降

sewage n. 下水道；污水 v. 用污水灌溉；装设下水道

extinction n. 消失，消灭，废止

wildlife protection 保护野生动物

over-fishing 过度捕鱼

natural reserve 自然保护区

natural habitats 自然栖息地

become extinct/ endangered 灭绝/濒危

pollution n.污染，沾污

pollutant/ contanminant 污染物

endangered species 濒临灭绝的物种

eco-tourism 生态旅游

cause the extinction of ... 导致……的灭绝

cause a species to die out 导致某物种灭绝

garbage n. 垃圾，废物

poisonous adj. 有毒的

pollute/ contaminate 污染

 

关于经典范文，烤鸭们可以不用局限于我们提供的题目。大家可以选择雅思真题、外媒中与环保相关的文章进行熟读～这是第一篇啦，兔兔还会再和大家分享三个话题哦！